Mechanism for selectively reproducing, repeating, and charting sound record material



May 21, 1940. A. L. RUNYAN 0 MECHANISM FOR SELECTIVELY REPRODUCING,REPEATING, AND CHARTING SOUND RECORD MATERIAL Filed Dec. 15, 193'? 4Sheets-Sheet 1 j INVENTOR fl llazrlllzzmgam ATTO R N EY UNYAN' 1,

May 21, 1940. R

MECHANISM FOR SELECTIVELY REPRODUCING, REPEATING,

AND CHARTING SOUND RECORD MATERIAL Filed Dec. 15, 1937 1 Sheets-Sheet 2HHIHHHHI.

INVENTOR flnthur L. Bunyan ATTORNEY A. L. RUNYAN 2,201,204 MECHANISM FORSELECTIVELY REPRODUCING, REPEATING,

AND CHARTING sounn RECORD MATERIAL Filed Dec. 15, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet :s

INVENTOR flnlharLJZwq m ATTORNEY RUNYAN 4 Sheets-Shet 4 May 21, 1940.MECHANISM FOR SELECTIVELY REPRODUCING, REPEATING,

AND CHARTING SOUND RECORD MATERIAL Filed D96. 15, 193

INVENTOR 14/:ZhwL.Rzmz wa ATTORNEY Patented May 21, 1940 PATENT OFFICEMECHANISM FOR SELECTIVELY REPRO- DUCING,

REPEATING,

AND CHAR-TING SOUND RECORD -MATERIAL Arthur L. Bunyan, New York, N. Y.,asslgnor to Translaphon Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation ofNew Jersey Application December 15, 1937, Serial No. 119,998

g 12 Claims.

The invention relates to mechanism for selectively reproducing andrepeating sound record material and for charting sound records.

An object of the present invention is to provide simple, accurate andcompact mechanism for selectively reproducing and repeating sound recordmaterial to facilitate the study of subjects requiring auditoryperception, such as languages, music; telegraph code reception and thelike, as well as for various other purposes including cultural educationand amusement.

A further object of the invention is to provide a manually controlledmechanism of this character for education and other purposes consistingof a tone arm unit adapted to be readily substituted for the tone arm ofany ordinary phonograph having either an electric pick-up reproducer, oran air column reproducer and equipped with indicating means actuated bythe inward and outward horizontal swinging movement of the tone arm andunconnected with the motor of the phonograph and having numberedgraduations.

corresponding to the grooves or convolutions of a sound record,cooperating with a pointer or index element and adapted to indicate theexact position of the reproducer stylus on a sound record so that anyselected portion of a sound record may be accurately noted on a chart orother memorandum to enable the tone arm to be quickly and accuratelyplaced on the sound record at the proper point or points for reproducingthe selected portion or portions of the sound record.

A further object of the invention is to provide manually operable meansfor lifting the tone arm and reproducer stylus from a sound record andreturning the tone arm to its selected starting position and forlowering the tone arm and placing the stylus in a groove of the soundrecord and for also supporting the tone arm inan elevated position withthe reproducer stylus out of contact with the sound record.

Another object of the invention is to provide a tone arm unit equippedwith a rotary dial mounted on and carried by the tone arm and havingwithout interfering with the playing of the same.

Another object of the invention is to provide mechanism numericallygraduated to correspond II to the numbered graduations of the indicatingnumbered graduatioiis corresponding with thedial and manually operablewhen the tone arm is in an elevated position to swing the tone arminwardly or outwardly to place the tone arm with its reproducer stylusin proper position above a groove of the sound record containing theselect- 6 ed portion of the record, whereby when the tone arm is loweredthe stylus will be placed in the proper groove for reproducing andrepeating the selected portion of the sound record, whereby the whole orany selected portion of a sound record may be continuously repeated asoften as desired by manual manipulation. v

A further object of the invention is to provide a simplified form ofdevice capable of charting a sound record and of repeating the whole orany selected portion of a sound record and of being operated by graspingthe tone arm and swinging the same horizontally to position it properlywith relation to the sound record and having means for limiting theoutward swinging movement of the tone arm, so that, after reproducingthe selected portion of the sound record, it may be quickly andaccurately returned to its initial starting position without referringto the indicating means. v

Another object of the invention is to provide means for preventing thedial actuating mechanism and gear friction from imposing any drag on thetone arm and from interfering with the normal controlled speed of therecord carrying turntable of a phonograph or in any manner interferingwith a proper reproduction of the sound record.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for -taking up anyloss motion in the gears by yieldably maintaining in continuous contactthe teeth of the gears for actuating the graduated means for indicatingthe position of the reproducer stylus with relation to the sound record.

A further object of theinvention is to provide an electric pick-up tonearm unit adapted to be electrically connected with any radio amplifyingunit and which will permit an ordinary radio set to be conveniently usedin a phonograph for amplii'ying reproduction of a sound record and alsofor independent operation of the radio set.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in theconstruction and novel combination and arrangement of parts hereinafterfully described, illustrated in the accompan'ying drawings and pointedout in the claims hereto appended, it being understood that variouschanges in the form, proportions and minor details of construction.within the scope 55 of the claims, may be resorted to without departingfrom the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings: f

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an electric pick-up phonographconstructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged plan view of the tone arm unit and a portion ofa sound record, the tone arm being illustrated in full lines in acentral position and its inner and outer extreme p sitions beingillustrated in dot and dash lines.

Figure 3 is a reverse plan view of the tone arm unit, parts beingomitted for convenience of illustration.

Figure 4 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the tone arm unit,the tone arm being shown in full lines in its lowered position andelevated in dot and dash lines.

Figure 5 is a detail plan view illustrating the arrangement of thegearing for actuating the graduated indicating dial and showing a coiledspring connected with the pinion of the gearing for preventing drag onthe tone arm.

Figure 6 is a detail sectional view of the manually operable tone armsetting mechanism taken on the line 6-6 of Figure '4.

Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view of the tone arm unit takensubstantially on the line of Figure 4.

Figure 8 is a horizontal sectional view of the same taken on the line 88 of Figure 4.

Figure 9 is a detail perspective view of the forked lever for swingingthe tone arm outwardly to return the same to its initial startingposition.

Figure 10 is a detail perspective view of the pivoted support of thetone arm unit.

Figure 11 is a side elevation of a tone arm unit illustrating amodification of the invention and showing a simple form of the sameapplied to a tone arm having an air column sound reproducer- Figure 12is a similar view illustrating another modification of the invention andshowing the simpler form of the invention applied to a tone arm havingan electric pick-up reproducer.

Figure 13 is a detail horizontal sectional view taken substantially onthe line l3l3 of Figure 12.

Referring particularly to the form of the invention illustrated inFigures 1 to 10, inclusive, of the accompanying drawings, I designatesthe cabinet constructed of any suitable material and of substantiallyoblong form and comprising a bottom, vertical side and end walls and atop wall 2 extending from one end of the cabinet and terminating shortof the other end to provide an opening 3 to permit a radio receiving set4 of the ordinary construction to be placed in the cabinet. The radioreceiving set is provided with an inclined top wall 5 forming a panelfor the operating means of the radio set and having a central opening 6at which is located the loud speaker of the radio receiving set. Theinclined panel wall 5 provides a convenient support for the indicatingand operating means of the radio receiving set and enables the same tobe readily manipulated without stooping or bending over to the extentwhich would be necessary if the panel were arranged, in a vertical or ahorizontal position.

The phonograph or sound reproducing machine includes a turntable 'lactuated by an electric or other motor (not shown) and adapted toreceive a sound record 8 having the usual feed grooves 9 which areadapted to be engaged in the ordinary manner by a stylus ll) of a tonearm ll, whereby the rotation of the sound record through the spiralarrangement of the feed grooves 9 carries the tone arm inwardly over therecord in the usual manner for reproducing the sound of the record. Theterm grooves of the sound record refers to the number of convolutions orthe pitch to which the spirally grooved record is out. As the radioreceiving set or amplifying unit and the means for rotating theturntable and for controlling the speed of rotation are designed to beof any ordinary construction, detailed description and illustration ofthe same are deemed unnecessary.

The tone arm I i which may be of any desired construction, in the formof the invention illustrated in Figures 1 to 10, inclusive, isconstructed substantially the same as that shown and described' inPatent'No. 2,081,885, granted to me May 25, 1937. It is of hollowconstruction and open at the bottom and is pivotally connected at apoint intermediate of its ends at I2 to a supporting arm or member i3,preferably formed integral with a sleeve l4 mounted for pivotal orswinging movement on an upright pivot or spindle iii. The spivot orspindle l5 has a reduced threaded lower terminal portion l6 which ismounted in a threaded opening I! of a support l8 pivoted by alignedhorizontal screws l9 upon a base 20. The base 20, which is of tubularform, constitutes a housing and is preferably tapered as illustrated inFigure 4 of the drawings and is adapted to be inserted in the opening 2|in the top or table 2 of the phonograph and is capable of enabling thetone arm unit to be readily substituted for the ordinary tone arm of aphonograph or sound reproducing machine. The tubular portion of the base20 is arranged vertically and is provided at its upper end with a flange22 secured by screws or other suitable fastening devices to the upperface of the table or wall.

The support I8 is composed of spaced sides and a connecting transverseportion 23 provided with a central arm 24 spaced from the sides of thesupport to'provide side recesses 25 and having a slot or bifurcation 26for the reception of a cam 21 of a shaft 28. The cam 21 is approximatelyquadrant-shaped and the shaft, which is journaled in'suitable bearingsof the base, is provided with an operating arm 29 (Fig. '7) adapted tobe oscillated to rock the shaft for raising and lowering the tone armthrough the tilting or povotal movement of the support l8. The operating arm is provided with shoulders 30 for limiting the movement of therock shaft, and the base 20 has a horizontal extension 3| locatedbeneath the cam shaft 28 and provided at its outer end with one of thebearings for the said shaft. The quadrant-shaped cam is adapted to tiltthe support and is also capable of maintaining the support at the limitsof its tilting movement to maintain the tone arm in an elevated positionandalso to hold the pivot or spindle l5 in a vertical position when thetone arm is lowered to the sound record.

The sleeve of the arm or member l3 (Fig. 4) is provided on its interiornear its upper end with a shoulder 32 which seats upon a shoulder 33formed by the reduced upper terminal portion 34 of the pivot or spindleI 5. The lower end 35 of the sleeve I4 is exterioriy threaded to receivea nut 36 which is'in the form of a-ring and which retains a verticaltubular portion or sleeve 31 of a tone arm carriage 38 on the sleeve I4of the arm or member [3. The ring nut is recessed at diametricallyopposed points and is adapted to be engaged by a spanner or othersuitable tool for screwing it on and off the lower threaded end 35 ofthe sleeve of the arm or member l3.

The tone arm carriage 38 is provided with spaced projecting sideportions 39 and has a housing for enabling the graduated drum to adjustthe arm l3 and the tone arm ll carried thereby with relation to the tonearm carriage for placing the tone arm in a selected starting positionfor reproducing and repeating the whole or any selected portion of asound record. By this construction, arrangement and mode of operation,the tone arm when elevated is returned to its selected starting positionand the tone arm car riage to its initial position by meanssubstantially the same as that shown and described in the aforesaidpatent and as hereinafter fully explained.

The sleeve 42 has its lower end arranged upon the tone arm carriage andits upper end fits against the arm i3 and the ring nut 36 retains thetone arm carriage, the arm l3 and the sleeve 42 in assembled relationand permits rotary movement of the sleeve of the arm l3, the sleeve ofthe tone arm carriage and the sleeve 42. The hollow graduated drum,which is mounted on a transverse operating shaft 43, may be constructedof any suitable material and it is provided with a spiral rib 44 whichforms a spiral groove 45 between its convolutions adapted to receive atape 46 having numbered graduations corre-' sponding with the grooves ofthe sound record, but the graduations may be applied to the drum in anyother desired manner as will be readily understood. The graduations ofthe hollow drum are exposed at a transverse slot 41 in the top of thehousing, and a slidable indicating member 48 operates in the slot 41 andis guided by the parallel side walls thereof. The indicating member 48is provided at its lower face with a groove 49 and straddles the spiralrib which fits in said groove 49, as clearly illustrated in Figure 6 ofthe drawings. The terminal portions of the slide 46 are provided withrecesses 50 to permit the ends of the slide to extend beneath thehousing, and the edges of the housing formed by the said slot 41 arereceived within the recesses 56 of the indicating member. By thisconstruction the indicating member is retained in engagement with thespiral rib of the hollow drum.

The sleeve 42 is provided at its front portion with spaced lugs 5| and52 which receive between them a depending lug 53 of the arm or member l3upon which the tone arm is" mounted. The lug 52 is provided at the outerside with a laterally extending tubular barrel 54 (Fig. 3) closed at theouter end and containing a spring-actuated plunger 55 constructed andarranged similar to that shown and described in the aforesaid patent andcooperating with an adjusting screw 56 which is mounted on the lug 5|.By means of the adjusting screw 56 and the spring-actuated plunger, thetone arm may be adjusted laterally in either direction from a positioncentrally of the space between the lugs 5 l' and 52 toward either ofsaid lugs, and a relatively small adjustment of the inner or pivoted endof the arm or member I3 will afford a relatively large adjustment of thereproducer stylus at the outer end of the tone arm suflicient tocompensate amply for variations in the starting point of sound records.

The transverse operating shaft 43, which is journaled in suitablebearings of the tone arm carriage, is extended beyond one side of thesame and provided with a milled operating disk 51, and it has a gearwheel 58 keyed or otherwise fixed to it preferably adjacent its otherend. The gear wheel meshes with a pinion 59 fixed to a transverse wormshaft 60 journaled in suitable bearings of the tone arm carriage andprovided at its center with a worm 62. The worm 62 meshes with a toothedsegment 63 preferably formed integral with the sleeve 42, but any othersuitable form of gear element may be employed for meshing with the worm.When the graduated drum 4| is rotated, it imparts by means of saidgearing horizontal pivotal movement to the sleeve 42 and the tone arm Hwith which the sleeve is operatively connected, and the tone arm whenelevated is adapted to be adjusted with relation to the tone armcarriage for arranging it to reproduce and repeat the whole or anyselected portion of the sound record.

The tone arm carriage is provided at its lower face at the front with ashoulder 64 which is arranged to be engaged by the sides 65 of a forkedlever 66 pivotally mounted intermediate of its ends by a transversepivot 61 to the tiltable support 18 at the lower end thereof. The lever66 is arranged between the sides of the tiltable support and the sideportions 65 of the lever 66 operate in the recesses 25 of the tiltablesupport, and when the tone arm is elevated by the tilting movement ofthe support i8 the lever 66 is operated to engage the transverseshoulder 64 at opposite sides of the center thereof to return the tonearm carriage to its initial starting position, and the tone arm to itsselected starting position. The lower arm 68 of the lever 66 is forkedto straddle a horizontal rod 69 suitably fixed to and extending from thelower portion of the tubular base. The outer end of the rod 69 isthreaded to receive an adjusting nut 16 and the lock nut II foradjusting the tension of a coiled spring 12 disposed on the rod andinterposed between washers 13 and 14. The spring forms a. yieldable stopfor the lower arm of the lever 66 so that, when the support I8 is tiltedto lift the tone arm from the record, the relative movement between thelever 66 and the support will cause the lever to engage the shoulder 64of the tone arm carriage for returning the carriage and the tone arm totheir starting'position or positions. The lever 66 operates insubstantially the same way as the forked lever of the aforesaid patentto effect an outward swinging movement of the tone arm when the same iselevated from the sound record.

The arm I3 is provided at its outer end with atone arm lifting screw 15mounted and arranged and operating similar to that shown in theaforesaid patent. The tone'arm is provided at its inner end with anopening formed by a loop shaped portion 16 which extends around theinner end of the arm l3 and the sleeve thereof and exposes the upper endof the sleeve 14. The upper end of the sleeve I4 has mounted upon itopening 88 through which the upper reduced portion 34 of the pivot orspindle I projects and the said reduced terminal portion 34 of the pivotor spindle I5 has detachably keyed to it a toothed segment or gearelement 82, which is retained in interlocked relation with the upper endof-the pivot or spindle I5 by a screw 83 threaded into the up r end ofsaid shaft or spindle I5. The

toothed segment which is fixed with relation to the tone armand the armI3 meshes with a pinion 84 mounted on a vertical shaft 85 which isjournaled in suitable bearings of the support 11.

The support 'II extends forwardly and rearwardly from the upper end ofthe pivot I5 and its front portion is provided with a housing 85 inwhich the shaft 85 is mounted. The shaft 85 extends above the supportand has a tapered intermediate portion 81, on which is mounted a hub 88of a graduated dial 89 having an angularly disposed peripheral portionor rim 98, which is inclined downwardly and outwardly and which bearsnumbered graduations 92 corresponding with the grooves 9 of the soundrecord disk 8. When the tone arm swings horizontally, the shaft 85 andthe graduated dial carried by the same are rotated through the gearelements 82 and 84, and, in order to prevent the gear elements frombeing moved out of mesh by the horizontal swinging movement of the tonearm, the toothed segment 82 is provided at its hub portion with spacedprojecting stop pins 93 located at opposite sides of a central stop 94of the support TI. The stop 94, which may be of any desiredconstruction, preferably consists of a screw piercing the support Hfrom, the bottom thereof and securing to the upper face of the support astud, which projects into the path of the stop pins. The stud orprojection which constitutes the stop 94 may be mounted on the supportT! in any other desired manner. A coiled spring 84* is connected at itsinner end with the shaft 85 and at its outer end to the support I1, andit is arranged to urge the shaft 85 and the indicating dial 89 in thedirection of the movement" of the tone arm to prevent the indicatingmechanism from imposing any drag on the tone arm. Also the spring 84 Therear end 91 of the support 11 is located at the periphery of thegraduated dial and is set at an angle corresponding to the inclinationof the rim of the dial and. is provided with a recess98 forthe-reception of the rim, and it has an index or indicating means 99located adjacent the graduations of the dial and arranged to cooperatetherewith. The indicating means 99 may consist of a line or othermarking, but any other form of iindex'or pointer may be provided forcooperating with the graduations of the dial. Whenthe tone arm is movedinwardly by the sound record engaging the stylus of the reproducer, thegraduated dial 89 rotates and, as the graduations of the dial correspondwith the grooves of the sound record. the position of the reproducerstylus on the sound record will be accurately indicatedby the indicatingmeans 99 and the graduations of the dial, so that a sound record may becharted and the whole or any selected portion or portions thereof maybere- 5 produced and repeated. The graduations of the drum ll correspondwith the numbered graduations of the dial and with the grooves of the tobe noted on ascale or memorandum, and the tone arm setting mechanism maythen be operated without reference to the graduated dial to bring thetone arm to its selected starting position. The tone arm carriage isprovided at the back with spaced sockets I88 connected by suitable wiresI8I with the electric pick-up and adapted to receive detachable wires(not shown) for connecting the electric pick-up with the radio receivingset. The cabinet is provided at the top with spaced sockets I82 toreceive such connecting wires which are made detachable for the purposeof enabling an ordinary headset to be plugged into the sockets I88when'it is not desired to use the amplifying unit of the radio. Inpractice, the radio will be preferably wound for use with a D. C.current or an A. C. current, and suitable switches I83 and I84 areprovided for starting and stopping. the radio set and for arranging thesame for either a D. C. or an A. C. current. The record 8 is placed onthe turntable I in the ordinary manner, and the motor of the turntableis started and controlled as to speed in the usual manner. As thismechanism is of the ordinary construction, illustration and specificdescription thereof are deemed unnecessary. The tone arm settingmechanism is then adjusted for arranging the tone arm to reproduce andrepeat the whole or anyselected portion of the record. The tone arm islowered onto the record by operating the arm or lever 29 of the camshaft and, after the whole or the selected portion of the record isplayed, the tone arm is lifted from the record and is automaticallyreturned to its selected starting position as hereinafter explained. Theplaying of the whole or the selected portion of the record may becontinued as long as desired or the setting mechanism of the tone armunit may be operated from time to time to play and repeat differentportions of the record.

In Figure 11 of the drawings is illustrated a simpler form of theinvention, in which the tone arm setting mechanism heretofore describedis omitted and the charting and indicating means is shown applied to atone-arm I85 of the air column type. The tone arm I85 is mounted forhorizontal swinging movement on a suitable base I88, and it has at itsouter portion a pivoted section I81 mounted to swing upwardly anddownwardly to enable the reproducer I88 to be raised and lowered to liftthe stylus or needle I89 from the record H8 and to lower the reproducerI88 and place the stylus I89 in a groove of the sound record H8. Thebase I88, which may be attached to the top wall or table or a phonegraphcabinet by screws or any other suitable fastening devices, is providedwith a central vertical fixed pivot m suitably secured at its lower 7end to the base I06 and having its upper portion extending through abearing H2 of the tone arm and projecting above the same to fixedlyreceive a sleeve H3 of a toothed segment H4. The sleeve H3 constitutesthe hub portion of the toothed segment H4, and a support II5, which isin the form of a housing and which is mounted on the tone arm, hasmounted on it a vertical shaft H6 constructed substantially the same asthat heretofore described and provided with a pinion I I1 which mesheswith the fixed gear element formed by the toothed segment H4. The shaftalso has mounted on it an indicating dial H8 having an inclinedperipheral portion or rim H9 and designed to be graduated similar tothat heretofore described to provide numbered graduations correspondingwith the grooves of the sound record. In Figure 11 and. also in Figure12, the graduations are omitted for convenience. The indicating dial H8is secured to the shaft I I6 by a suitable thumb nut I I8, and thebracket H5 is provided with a combined indicating and stop arm I20having an inclined portion I2I arranged adjacent the periphery of theindicating dial and constructed substantially the same as the inclinedportion of the relatively fixed support 11 heretofore described.

The reproducer I08 is raised and lowered by hand to place it on andremove it from the sound record, and the tone arm I05 is also swunghorizontally by hand to place it in the desired position with relationto the sound record. The graduated dial functions as heretoforedescribed for charting a sound record and, when it is desired to repeata selected portion of the sound record, the tone arm is properlypositioned to effect this result and an adjustable clip I22 is placed onthe rim H9 adjacent the combined indicating and stop arm I20, and thereproducer I08 is lowered upon the sound record and the spiral groove ofthe record will swing the tone arm horizontally and will rotate theindicating dial and carry the stop clip away from the combinedindicating and stop arm. After the whole or a selected portion of thesound record has been played, the reproducer of the tone arm is liftedby hand from the sound record and the tone arm is swung outwardly untilthe adjustable stop I22 of the indicating dial comes in contact with theindicating arm I20 of the support H5. This returns the reproducer to itsselected starting position. The stop clip is provided with a bifurcationI23 to receive the inclined peripheral portion of the indicating dial,and it is clamped thereon by a set screw with a short indicating arm I25having an index pointer or line I26 which is adapted to be brought intoregister with the index pointer or line of the arm I2I, so that a soundrecord'may be accurately charted by the indicating means shown in Figure11. A coiled spring I21 similar to the coiled spring 84 heretoforedescribed is connected at one end to the shaft H5 and at its other endwith the support H5 for maintaining the gear teeth in mesh and for alsorelieving the tone arm of gear friction and for preyenting theindicating mechanism from imposing any drag on the tone arm.

The tone arm unit illustrated in Figure 11 of the drawings is adapted tobe readily substituted for any ordinary tone arm of the air column type.and it does not require a greater amount of space than is ordinarilyoccupied by a tone arm of the usual construction, and it will notnecessitate any particular design of cabinet. The

I24. It is also provided hub or sleeve I I3 is provided with a stop lugH3 arranged in the path of the inner end of the support H5 and adaptedto limit the outward swing of the tone arm.

In Figures 12 and 13 of the drawings is illustrated another modificationof the invention of the simpler type of the same. The tone arm unitshown in these figures of the drawings comprises a tone arm I28 havingan electric pick-up reproducer I29 pivoted at I30 to a horizontal armI3I of avertical sleeve I32, which is suitably mounted on a fixed baseI33 secured by screws or other suitable fastening devices to the cabinetor table of a phonograph (not shown). The base I33 is provided with afixed vertical pivot I34 upon which the sleeve I32 is mounted, and thesleeve is provided at its lower end with an annular groove I35 which isengaged by a screw I36 or other suitable means for holding the sleeveagainst vertical movement on the pivot without interfering with rotarymovement of the sleeve to enable the tone arm to swing horizontally. Thetone arm I28 is provided with sockets I31 similar to the sockets I00heretofore described and is designed to be connected with the amplifyingunit of a radio set and also to permit a headset to be plugged in thetone arm when it is not desired to use the amplifying unit.

Mounted fixedly on the upper end of the fixed pivot I34 is a support I38and a sleeve or hub I39 of a toothed segment I40, which meshes with apinion I4I of a shaft I42 journaled in suitable bearings of the supportI38. The shaft also carries a graduated dial I43 having an inclinedperiphery I44 and designed to be constructed simi lar to the graduateddials heretofore described. The dial is secured on the shaft by a thumbnut I45 and is provided with anadjustable clip I48 which cooperates withan indicating arm I41 of the support I38.. The support is constructedapproximately the same as that shown in Figure 11 with the exception ofthe inner portion which is mounted directly on the upper end of thesleeve I32 and which is retained in place thereon by screws or othersuitable fastening devices. The toothed segment I40 is detachablysecured to the upper end of the fixed shaft by a set screw I40 and thesupport I38 may bemaintained in fixed relation with the vertical sleeveI32 by any suitable means. The indicating mechanism shown in Figure 12is manually operable in the same manner as the indicating mechanism ofthe tone arm unit shown in Figure 11. A coiled spring I48 is connectedwith, the shaft I42 and with the support I38 to prevent any drag beingimposed on the tone arm by gear friction or the actuation of theindicating mechanism. Lost motion or looseness of the gear teeth isprevented by an auxiliary gear segment I49 loosely mounted on thevertical pivot I34 and corresponding in size and shapelwith the fixedsegment I40. A spring I50 operates to urge the auxiliary gear segmentI49 away from the fixed gear segment in a lateral direction to maintainthe teeth of the gearing in constant contact. The spring I50, which isof spiral formation, is mounted in a socket I5I of the fixed gearsegment and bears against a lug I52 formed integral with and dependingfrom the auxiliary toothed segment at one of the side edges thereof. Thefixed toothed segment I40 is preferably enlarged at the socket, which isdisposed transversely of the toothed segment I40 and is open at one ofthe side edges thereof and is provided at its inner end with a wallwhich forms What is claimed is: l. A tone arm unit including ahorizontally swinging tone arm and indicating means includ-' ing arelatively movable graduated indicating element and a pointercooperating therewith, the graduations of said indicating elementcorresponding to the grooves of a sound record, and gearing includingfixed and movable gear elements, said movable gear element beingactuated by the tone arm and connected with the indicating means foroperating the same.

2. A tone arm unit including a horizontally swinging tone arm, anindicating means including a dial having numbered graduationscorresponding to the grooves of a sound record, and a pointercooperating with the graduations of the dial, and means including fixedand movable gear elements, the movable gear element being actuated bythe tone arm for imparting relative movement to the dial and the pointeron an axis spaced from that of the tone arm.

3. A tone arm unit including a horizontally swinging tone arm,indicating means including a rotary dial carried by the tone arm andhaving graduations corresponding to the grooves of a sound record, andgearing connected with the rotary dial and comprising fixed and rotarygears and adapted to impart rotary movement to the dialwhen the tone armswings horizontally, and yieldable means for maintaining the teeth ofthe gears in constant contact and for taking up lost motion.

4. A tone arm unit including a fixed vertical pivot, a tone arm mountedfor horizontal swinging movement on said pivot, a rotary indicatingmember mounted on and carried by the tone arm, a relatively fixedindicating member also carried by the tone arm, a gear element fixed tosaid pivot, a rotary gear element connected with the rotary indicatingmember and carried by the tone arm and meshing with the fixed gearelement whereby the rotary indicating member will be rotated when thetone arm is swung horizontally, and means for limiting the movement ofthe tone arm to prevent the gears from being carried out of mesh, saidlimiting means including fixed spaced stops and a projection carried .bythe tone arm and operating between the said stops.

5. A tone arm unit including a horizontally swinging tone arm, a rotaryindicating element mounted on and carried by the tone arm, a rotary gearconnected with the indicating element and also carried by the tonearm,'a fixed gear element meshing with the rotary gear whereby theindicating element will be rotated when the tone arm is swunghorizontally, an auxiliary gear element corresponding to the fixed gearelement and loosely mounted and having pivotal movement with relation tothe fixed gear element and also meshing with the rotary gear, and springmeans engaging the fixed and pivoted gear elements and tending to swingthe auxiliary gear element.

whereby the teeth of the gearing are maintained in constant contact toprevent lost motion between the gears and maintain a steady uniformmovement of the indicating element.

6. A tone arm unit including a horizontally swinging tone arm,indicating means including a relatively stationary member and arelatively movable member, the relatively movable member being carriedby the tone arm and one of said members being provided with graduationscorresponding to the grooves of asound record, a fixed gear element anda rotary gear element meshing with the fixed gear element and connectedwith the relatively movable member of the indicating means for actuatingthe same when the tone arm swings horizontally, and a spring connectedwith the rotary gear element and arranged to urge the same in thedirection of the travel of the tone the dial and carried by the tone armand meshing with the fixed gear element whereby the dial.

will be rotated when the tone arm swings horizontally. s

8. A tone arm unit including a horizontally swinging tone arm, a supportcarried by the tone arm and having indicating means, a graduated;

dial mounted for rotary movement on the support, means actuated by thehorizontal swinging movement of the tone arm for rotating the dial whenthe tone arm is swung horizontally, and adjustable means carried by thedial and engageable with the support for limiting the movement of thetone arm.

9. A tone arm unit including a horizontally swinging tone arm, a supportcarried by the tone arm and having indicating means, a graduated,

dial mounted for rotary movement on the support, means actuated by thehorizontal swinging movement of the tone arm for rotating the dial whenthe tone arm is swung horizontally, and a clip having clamping means foradjustably securing it to the dial and arranged to engage the supportfor limiting the movement of the tone arm.

10. A tone arm unit including a base having a vertical pivot, a tone armmounted on the pivot, afifixed gear element mounted on the pivot, a.support carried by the tone arm and having indicating means, a shaftjournaled in the support and provided with a pinion meshing with thefixed gear element, and a graduated dial fixed to the shaft andcooperating with the indicating means of said support.

11. A tone arm unit including a horizontally swinging support, ahorizontally swinging tone arm movably mounted on the support, a pivotfor the support and the tone arm, indicating means carried by the tonearm and having graduations corresponding to the grooves of a soundrecord, means operated by the tone arm and connected with the indicatingmeans for operating the latter, a carriage mounted on the support, andtone arm setting means carried by the carriage and having graduationscorresponding to the grooves of the sound record and, operativelyconnected with the tone arm to move the tone arm to selectively 'set thesame and retain the tone arm in fixed position with relation to thesupport, the

12. A tone arm unit including a horizontally swinging support, ahorizontally swinging tone arm movably mounted on the support, a pivotfor the support and the tone arm, a rotary dial carried by the tone armand having graduations corresponding to the grooves of a sound record,means operated by the tone arm and connected with the dial for impartingrotary movement to the dial, a carriage mounted on the support, and

tone arm setting means carried by the carriage and having graduationscorresponding to the grooves of the sound record and operativelyconnected with the tone arm to move the tone arm to selectively set thesame and retain it in fixed position with relation to the support, thedial being rotated when the tone arm is actuated by thegrooves of arotating record and also when the tone arm is actuated by the settingmeans, the setting means being stationary with respect to the dial andbodily movable with the tone arm when the latter is actuated by therotating record.

